Clean India Mission
“Around 1600 people die every day because of poor sanitation, cleanliness & hygiene facilities. Clean India Mission is here to address them, building the country’s image in background.”
Right after the launch of Make in India (September 25), Clean India Campaign was launched on October 2, 2014. The five-year mission will cost over $10 billion to be contributed from both the central and state governments (75:25 respectively and 90:10 for North-Eastern and special category states) along with corporates as well as individual philanthropists. The World Bank has also committed to give an aid of Rs240 crores in the next five years to the Centre for constructing toilets in households in the tribal areas and also for running proposed awareness campaigns. “Over the next five years, the government and the private sector will create a market of $23 billion through this scheme; thus, setting in motion a construction boom that will reverberate across scores of industries that will supply bricks, cement, steel, sanitary ware, plumbing and other raw materials. Assuming a very low multiplier effect of $3 per $1 invested, this scheme to build toilets would add around $70 billion to India’s GDP over the next five years. However, it is not just about the economics – having toilets in households, especially in rural India would also have a knock on effect on the safety and security of women, which in itself is a worthwhile cause to pursue as is the intended effect of lower health expenditures through improved public health across India,” observed India Inc.
The mission’s objectives are:
- Eliminate open defecation
- Conversion of unsanitary toilets to pour flush toilets
- Eradication of manual scavenging
- 100% collection and processing/disposal/reuse/recycling of municipal solid waste
- To improve cleanliness & hygiene awareness
- Supporting urban local bodies in designing, executing and operating waste disposal systems
Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) has further been divided into SBM-Urban and SBM-Rural.
Under SBM in urban areas, 1.04 crore household toilets are to be constructed by the year 2019. The Ministry of Urban Development extends an assistance of Rs4,000/- per toilet.
However, the major problem is not only eliminating open defecation, but the non-segregation, overburdened and inadequate garbage recycle plants work inefficiently and municipal bodies go for landfills as quick fixes. The growing landfills have burdened the city infrastructures.
SBM Technologies
So far, around 25 technologies have been identified – 15 for drinking water treatment and 10 for sanitation. Joint Secretary & Mission Director Praveen Prakash pointed out the importance of technology in the success of SBM, “You will agree with me that technology will be a key consideration for the mission’s ultimate success. During interaction with municipal functionaries in many States, we had noticed a lack of awareness about the latest trends in sanitation technologies, best practices and procurement procedures. There have been demands for hiring of competent professionals at State and municipal levels for which the suggested procedure has already been shared.”
Water Treatment
- Capacitive de-ionization technology using carbon aerogel material
- Jal-Tara water filter
- Aqua+ and Antenna WATA technology
- P&G Sachets for purification of water for drinking purpose
- Supremus Aqua standalone water purification system
- Prefabricated, precast modular toilet with biodigestor
- Integrated water disinfection system with solar pumping water disinfection by UV/ electrochlorination
- Iron removal using Iron resin
- Ion exchange
- Bioecotech and Iontex
- Solar powered salt purification
- Portable solar powered water purifier
- LifeStraw
- Plimmer Cdi
